Mobile Wireless charger #Group 08


 Mobile Wireless charger 

                                                                    

                                                                                -by P.V.S.Vamsee, A. Hemanth, T.Charith, T.Pavan 

MOTIVATION :

 In 1891 NIKOLA TESLA invited that Electricity can be transmitted wirelessly. Now-a-day's as technology grown up wireless communication has become one of the most active communication in today's technology. Wireless charging is a technique of transmitting power through an air gap to an electrical device. Today we have several smartphones in the same room. Usually most smartphones have the same chargers, there can still be a difference when it comes to apple and android. Having a wireless charging pad can allow you to charge different smartphones simultaneously. A multiple devices charging pad will not only help you to charge smartphones but also devices like Tablet and iwatch etc. With this we can reduce the amount of the cables and adapters at your home and workplace.
Wireless charging is based on the principal Mutual Inductance.We are going to simulate that power is transmitted wirelessly in Ltspice. We had chosen Ltspice because it's open source and more convenient to work.

CONCEPT :

 The main concept is Mutual Inductance. Wireless charging works by transferring electricity from the charger pad to a receiver in the back of the phone via electromagnetic induction. An induction coil is used to create an alternating electromagnetic field, which the receiver coil  in the phone converts back into electricity to be feed into the battery.They typically have to be in close to each other and correctly aligned over the top.



MUTUAL INDUCTANCE :

When a voltage is applied across a coil it generates a magnetic field called electromagnetic field(Induction principles). It is also applicable in vice-versa case too. This implies when we place a coil in magnetic field it generates EMF across that coil.
      Now with the above statements we can make a wireless transmission of power. As shown in fig 1.1.
Fig 1.1

 In Fig 1.1 There is a magnetic filed generated through coil A that is induced on coil B and coil A produced an induced EMF.

   The parameters are:
  1. Coil turns in coil A(NA)
  2. Coil turns in coil B(NB)
  3. Mutual inductance coefficients(M or K)
  4. Inductance of coil A(LA)
  5. Inductance of coil B(LB)
BLOCK DIAGRAM :

                                

SIMULATIONS :

1.Smoothing Capacitor:
 A Smoothing capacitor is a capacitor that acts to smooth or even out fluctations in a signal. Power supply voltage can sometimes supply erratic and unsmooth voltages that fluctuate greatly. So we use smoothing capacitor to supply smooth voltage without any fluctuations.
In this simulation AC to DC Rectification is done using bridge rectifier to optimal value (Max Power Dissipation) of Smoothing capacitor.
Capacitor values are:

  •  0.1 x 10-6 F
  •  1    x 10-6 F
  • 10   x 10-6 F
  • 100 x 10-6 F

Capacitor Value (x106F)
Voltage
(V)
Current
(A)
Power
(W)
0.1
5.951
212.5    x 10-9
1.264x10-6
1
5.742
2.231    x 10-6
1.281x10-5
10
5.5312
22.69    x 10-6
1.255x10-4
100
5.297
277.07  x 10-6
1.467x10-3

  •   In this above table the voltage and currents are taken at time instant 6ms.
OBSERVATION :
As we can observe that  100x10-6F capacitor has better smoothing when compared to the others, but we are choosing      10x10-6F capacitor for better efficiency and sufficient for that input values.

 2.Voltage Regulations :
A voltage regulator is a system designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. 
In this simulations AC to DC Rectification is done using bridge rectifier with different voltage regulators to chose the best one . Our goal is to gain a output voltage to 3.7volts. 
Input Voltage source is standard Indian home power supply [(220v(RMS),50Hz)]. 
Voltage Regulators:

  • LT1083-5
  • LT1085-5
  • LT1117-5
  • LT1083-12

    

OBSERVATION:
We can observe that LT1085-5 and LT1117-5 has ripples and required voltage is not achieved . LT1083-5 and LT1082-12 has an output voltage of 3.7volts without any ripples.


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